Photography Essays Art and Media

Photography Essays Art and Media Using examples, discuss the relationship between art and the mass media. Introduction: The relationship between art and media has always been heavily symbiotic, a fact acknowledged only relatively recently, with the ironic wink of â€Å"pop† art in the fifties, but nevertheless the connection has always been present and empowering to both â€Å"high† culture and society’s consumers. Consumer culture and art have invaded each other’s territories to the point where it has become impossible, at times, to tell them apart. The HBO television series, Sex and the City, for example, might be art reflecting life, or art informing life, or both, or neither – so many of the signifiers we use to recognise art, so many of the cause and effect relationships we took for granted, have become indistinguishable. On a theoretical level, the media has amplified artistic causes, for good or for bad, and sometimes where bad is anticipated, the media has been second-guessed or hijacked. On a practical level, forms of media broadcast have much in common with art forms, allowing for overlaps and ironic jokes, since modern technologies enable neatly replicable sign systems- the mass media is a hegemony, and iconography reproduces itself everywhere we look. One reaction to the standardization of imagery and the new lexicon of iconography came in the form of Pop art. Ironically, of course, Warhol’s replicable paintings have an iconographic currency all their own. By the 1970s pockets of subversion were appearing everywhere. Media activists called it â€Å"culture jamming†, the Situationist International called it â€Å"detournement† (â€Å"an insurrectional style by which a past form is used to show its own inherent untruth†) the Pistols called it Punk. But it was essentially the same. Culture jamming can be used to describe a broad range of subversive activity, from the work of graffiti artists to the radical ‘refacement’ of billboards by the Billboard Liberation Front, to pirate radio broadcasts. It is, essentially, an attempt to challenge the authority of the mass media through creative, and generally public, acts of resistance. Adbusters magazine employs culture jamming as its manifesto, transforming it into a social movement with the revolutionary aim of   â€Å"toppl[ing] existing power structures and forg[ing] a major rethinking of the way we live in the 21st century.† Their forceful sloganism, together with slickness of its design, raises suspicions and criticism. This is the rhetoric of a salesman, and there would indeed appear to be a contradiction between its anti-advertising objectives and its image-based editorial strategies. Nevertheless this is the first time that magazines have really subjectified the image, and a magazine which is not only about design but also a beautiful piece of craft itself, seems to sidestep the theoretical problem of hypocrisy, somehow.   The problem of design today is that it is more fascinated by the visual, as a realistic imitation or decoration, and not by the image as a subjective narrative and interpretive element. As a result of its internal dialogue, however, the image is more than a perception. It is a necessary construction on the brink of fiction, that reveals the dialectic of representation and presentation. Rick argues that the once homogeneous field of graphic design has â€Å"begun to separate into two distinct strands†. On one side there is professional practice in all its forms; on the other a field which he terms â€Å"design-culture graphics†. This territory is inhabited by designers doing their own, often self-initiated thing: publishing books and magazines, starting websites, and designing and selling T-shirts, posters, DVDs, etc. He refers to Adrian Shaughnessy’s observations in April 2003’s Creative Review magazine: â€Å"Stylistically it is usually radical, adventurous and sometimes even downright purposeless.† The curious aspect of this claim is the suggestion that the divide has only just happened. Looking back to Morris and Ruskin, again, we see an extraordinary sort of proto-punk for the middle classes, even at the turn of the century. More recently, the division became a true social cleave, rather than an ideological romantic whimsy, with the new wave that followed punk in the late 1970s. Designers such as Brody, Saville, Malcolm Garrett, Rocking Russian and 23 Envelope were so notable because, not only did they shun the mainstream in which designers would once have expected to find work as a matter of course, but they also produced the most inventive and durable British graphic design of the period. Their audience was other young people. In Britain today, a vast number of young designers emerge from design schools and art colleges today with no intention of joining design’s mainstream. People today want to express their individualism in their work and the thought of a small, informal collective started by a group of friends is obviously attractive as it’s a sort of extension of student life. Graphic design played an important role as a tool of empowerment for those whose fringe status was less of a choice, too it gave voice to women and articulating their concerns.  The suffragette’s contribution to the history of graphic design has been intriguing. Unlike the emancipatory and utopic vision of the modernist movement, the images of the women’s movement never prescribed to a unifying aesthetic dogma. When seen in conjunction with other social and counter-cultural movements that became symbolic of a certain stylistic representation, what is notable about the women’s movement is its lack of stylistic unity. While this wasn’t intentional strategy, it practically increased resistance to commodification. Much of today’s art is conceptually sophisticated enough to reflect both art and life, often anticipating its own responses. The characters in Sex and the City, the ultimate show about and because of commodification, consistently acknowledge social expectation, even if it has become their raison d’etre to buck those expectations. When the character Charlotte expresses regrets about not working it shows that she has internalized the message that she should work.   When she accuses Miranda of judging her she exclaims, You think Im one of those women . . . One of those women we hate who just works until she gets married! Here, Charlotte reveals her own view that women should be independent, demonstrating that she herself is conflicted. Her statement has feminist undertones, since it implies that women who change their lives, or who are primarily oriented to attracting a husband, sacrifice themselves and compromise their identities- appropriately, as this is exactly the fate the scriptwriters have in store for her. Charlotte’s emphasis on the â€Å"choice† defense as a feminist case is an oversimplification and a misinterpretation of liberal feminist goals, although it still promotes the critical sentiment that women are diverse, and that one womans decision of what to do with her body or her life should be in her hands, in spite of what her friends, family, or society dictates.Yet, at the same time it highlights some of the problems associated with liberal feminism as a perspective and its frequent misappropriation by women- and perhaps, in this case, the Sex and the City scriptwriters. Liberal feminism is based on the idea that differences between women and men cannot be explained by biology and thus differential treatment is unjust. The idea is that people should be regarded as individuals, rather than identified first as men or women, and should thus be able to make decisions based on what is best for the individual. As Montemurro has written, â€Å"In this episode of Sex and the City, when Charlotte refers to the womens movement, she seems to be referring to the idea that women have been liberated or freed from the constraints of patriarchy and are able to work and attain success at levels similar to those attained by men. Thus, she has the right to decide for herself what will make her happy and satisfied as an individual. If she chooses not to work, then she is not succumbing to traditional feminine expectations; rather, she is doing what she sees as right for her and thus she should not be judged for this.† She goes on to point out that few women have the ability to make this choice. But the whole debate about choice can be located in the context of oppression; in Montemurro’s terms, â€Å"Charlottes choice is predicated on other womens lack of choices†. In addition, Charlotte even states that Trey suggested she stay at home, hinting that the idea to stop working has not come directly from her. The criticism of feminism’s reactive quality applies here: her choice may be â€Å"her perogative† but it is not solely hers, and the specific choice she has(n’t) made stands for the â€Å"choice† (either to stay at home or not) that all women make, with its attendant vulnerability to accusations of reactiveness and passivity. As Montemurro suggests, Charlotte’s powerful, wealthy husband has delivered the option to her â€Å"as a gift of sorts, as if to say, I give you permission to stay home, and Charlotte fails to acknowledge that her choice is made possible only by her subsequent economic dependence on her husband.† Charlotte’s statement that â€Å"the woman’s movement is about choice† is played as distastefully comical, distasteful not least because the scriptwriters are conveying one of two equally dangerous messages. Either they are communicating they notion that it is sufficient lipservice to feminism to give these issues crass and simplistic treatment, or they are expressing Charlotte’s charming naivety through the incidental note of a â€Å"feminist† token. It is as though she believes that any choice- motherhood, career, or taking a cooking class, is of equal value, because the decision is coming from herself. It is a claim made cynically by the media and advertisers, specifically designed to manipulate women who believe themselves to be independent into buying products that appeal to their vanity- products sold on graphic representations of self-indulgence, selling the irresistible idea that women are wallowing in low self-worth and deserve to â€Å"tr eat themselves.† Women’s liberation has become suspect precisely because of this bastardization: the idea that â€Å"free choice† includes â€Å"bad choices†, that female freedom is the equivalent of justified narcissism. Increasingly products, weight loss and fashion have been artificially presented as aids to a deserving woman’s betterment, taking â€Å"feminist† ideas of â€Å"improvement† as their selling point- yet feminists concur that all such strategies only help women to participate in their construction as subservient, imperfect, and generally oppressed. Her infertility is treated with same astonishing crassness, as Tara Flockhart points out, â€Å"The infertility of Charlotte†¦excruciatingly painful affliction, is at first mocked by suggesting that she sublimates her emotional pain in affection for her dog (the animal, not the man, in her life)† Of course it is not merely female â€Å"issues† which are levied by the media. According to feminist artist and writer Laura Mulvey, the female form is still a battleground for viewing conventions, and it is a battle where, for the most part, media images and visual art are on the same side. For Mulvey, the problem is the equivalence of the female form with desire so long as the male body is not seen as desirable, men remain in control of desire and the activity of looking. It seems to be a commonly held assumption that things are improving, but I would suggest, the male body is more prominently â€Å"objectified† by the media nowadays not as a symptom of female control over the gaze but as a direct result of the integration of the gay male gaze into the mainstream. This is rapidly overtaking the rise of women, and these sites of homosexual desire are not replacing images of women but are appearing alongside them. It is no improvement at all. Most images of attractive male bodies in the media today aren’t the result of feminist struggle for equality, but simply more men, gay men, expressing their own desires in public. Virtually everywhere in Hollywood (not to mention the internet, TV, magazines, the High Street) we find Freud’s notion of â€Å"scopophilia† the pleasure involved in looking at other people’s bodies as erotic objects. Mulvey has written extensively on viewing conventions as she perceives them to be facilitated by the cinema auditorium itself. The darkness of the picture-house provides a unique public environment where we may look without being seen either by those on screen by other members of the audience. Mulvey details how certain cinema viewing conditions facilitate for the viewer both the voyeuristic process of objectification of female characters and also the narcissistic process of identification with an ‘ideal ego’ seen on the screen. There would be no post-modernist art responses to the media, of course, without the massively influential modernist movement that rocked the world at the turn of the century. Long before the Sex and the City girls, modernism aimed to expose traditional society as exposed as something fraudulent. The exponents of the modern aimed to show that nostalgia was fallacious: the unity of a golden age had never existed. The modernists only ever wanted to present reality as it was. Since social, political, religious, artistic ideas had been incorporated into this false order, they had to be incorporated into any true reworking of it. It was modernism that impressed upon us the idea that narrative direction- that a story should have a beginning, middle and end was nothing more than an opiate, artifice grafted onto random existence to create illusions of consistency. Conclusions The relationship between media and forms of art is of course not entirely co operative. The mass media has been understood as the servant of capitalist society, and art, as the archetypal â€Å"free thought† its natural enemy. Historically, art’s efforts to bring down capitalist structures from within have been very ill-fated, with artists finding themselves ignored, scorned, crushed or – perhaps worse- accessories to political agendas. Artists and writers must work harder than ever to devise means of opposing or exposing capitalism’s deceptions, but many commentators appear to have reached the conclusion that the battle is barely worth fighting. Jean Baudrillard argues that criticism of the status quo is no longer possible through art or literature and that the only efficient way of dissenting from capitalist society is to commit suicide, Modern art wishes to be negative, critical, innovative and a perpetual surpassing, as well as immediately (or almost) assimilated, accepted, integrated, consumed. One must surrender to the evidence: art no longer contests anything. If it ever did. Revolt is isolated, the malediction consumed. Thus the avant-garde movements in Europe put the artist under pressure to exhibit a certain individuality, while also – rather contradictorily- being a producer, and as prolific, political and reactionary a producer as possible,   There is a lot of talk, not about reform or forcing the Enlightenment project to live up to its own ideals, but about wholesale negation, revolution, another new sensibility, now self- affirming or self-creating, rather than a universalist or rational self-legitimation. This in turn suggests a tremendously heightened role for the artist, the figure whose imagination supposedly creates or shapes the sensibilities of civilization. In a sense, the avant-garde has been socially commissioned to forecast the future, to scouting out new intellectual terrain, Aesthetic modernity is characterized by attitudes which find a common focus in a changed consciousness of time The avant-garde understands itself as invading unknown territory, exposing itself to the dangers of sudden, shocking encounters, conquering an as yet unoccupied future. The avant-garde must find a direction in a landscape into which no one seems to have yet ventured Modernity saw its role as declaring its fragmentary reality, its construction, or the construction of the world or idea it aimed to represent. As one writer says, â€Å"A typical modernist story will seem to begin arbitrarily, advance inexplicably, and end without resolution. Symbols and images are used instead of statements. The tone is ironic and understated-mocking of any of its characters or elements that still seem to appeal to the idea of coherent reality. On the other hand, many modernist works are structured as quests for the very coherence they seem to lack. Because the quest is a very mythological concept, a lot of modernist writers return to and rewrite myths of the world into their works. Often the faith based on myths (such as Christianity) is apparently revealed as a farce and a fraud-that is, as myth rather than objective reality.† Without Modernism’s take on the media, its distaste with media stereotypes, there would be no ironic art forms, and without Surrealism’s great achievement, its ability to assimilate its patterns so completely into our unconscious that its images have become a part of us, without this we would have no impressive, delicious, advertising and no self-perpetuating consumer society. It knows our dreams, but it also knows our nightmares. Surrealism may be the triumphant rebellious child of modern art, but it is the heir of capitalist society. As one writer puts it, â€Å"Historically, surrealism was an art movement of ideas that developed between World Wars I and II and was very prolific. However, today the viewer automatically accepts surrealist imagery. Its everywhere we look. One can find surrealism in childrens books, on television, in advertisements, music videos, movies and any other form of mass media. Today a person can see examples of surrealism everywhere without consciously noting that one is looking at a surreal image† Bibliography Bataille, George. The Lugubrious Game in Visions of Excess, US: University of Minnesota Press (1985) Breton, Andrà © Manifestoes of Surrealism, trans. Richard Seaver and Helen R. Lane US: Ann Arbor, (1969) Burger, Peter and Block, Richard, The Thinking of the Master: Bataille Between Hegel and Surrealism US: Northwestern University Press (2003) Burgin, Victor (Ed.) (1982): Thinking Photography. London: Macmillan Burgin, Victor (1982): Photographic Practice and Art Theory. In Burgin (Ed.), op. cit., pp. 39-83 Burgin, Victor (1982): Looking at Photographs. In Burgin (Ed.), op. cit., pp. 142-153 Derrida, Jacques. Specters of Marx: State of Debt, the Work of Mourning, and the New International, UK: Routledge (1994) Descharnes, Robert and Neret, Giles, Dali: The Paintings UK: Taschen (2001) Drew Heath Johnson Inspiration and Influence: The Visions of Ansel Adams, on http://www.museumca.org Flockhart,TSex and the City gets a feminist analysis   The Daily Iowan Published: Thursday, December 2, 2004 Gott, Ted. Lips of Coral: Sex and Violence in Surrealism, in Surrealism: Revolution by Night, exh. cat. (Canberra, 1993) Habermas, Jurgen in Holub, Robert. Jà ¼rgen Habermas: Critic in the Public Sphere, London: Routledge, (1991) Hardie, Philip Ovids Poetics of Illusion Cambridge:   Cambridge University Press, 2002.   pp. viii, 365 Kristeva, Zoe Artistic Rebellion: The Modern Dynamic in The Philosopher, Volume LXXXIV No. 1 Playboy Interview: Ansel Adams -150; candid conversation, Playboy vol. 30, no. 5 (May 1983), p. 68. Montemurro, Beth. Charlotte Chooses Her Choice: Liberal Feminism on Sex and the City in http://160.39.101.217:8080/ramgen/women/montemurro.rm Sekula, Allan On the Invention of Photographic Meaning Artforum 13:5 (January 1975), reprinted in Vicki Goldberg, Photography in Print (Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1981), pp. 452-73 Sheppard, Richard, Modernism, Dada, Postmodernism, US: Northwestern University Press (2000) Short, Robert. The Age of Gold: Surrealist Cinema, US: Creation Books (2002) Tagg, John. The Burden of Representation: Essays on Photographies and Histories. Amherst: Massachusetts UP (1988) http://web.mala.bc.ca/atkinsona/112-11%20modernism.htm http://www.usc.edu/schools/annenberg/asc/projects/comm544/library/images/742bg.jpg http://www.massurrealism.com/about/ http://www.stewarthomesociety.org/artstrik.htm

Genetically modified organism Essay

Introduction Definition: Genetically engineered (GE) food refers to any product containing or derived from GMOs. Most recently, biotech companies have inserted herbicide-resistance genes into wheat, fish genes into strawberries, human genes into fish and pharmaceuticals like birth control into corn. Genetically modified food refers to the origin of food from genetically modified organisms, produced by genetic engineer. History: Scientists first discovered that DNA can transfer between organisms in 1946. The first genetically modified plant was produced in 1983, using an antibiotic-resistant tobacco plant. In 1994, the transgenic Flavr Savr tomato was approved by the FDA for marketing in the US – the modification allowed the tomato to delay ripening afterScientist experimenting food picking. In the early 1990s, recombinant chymosin was approved for use in several countries, replacing rennet in cheese-making. In the US in 1995, the following transgenic crops received marketing approval: canola with modified oil composition (Calgene), Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) corn/maize (Ciba-Geigy), cotton resistant to the herbicide bromoxynil (Calgene), Bt cotton (Monsanto), Bt potatoes (Monsanto), soybeans resistant to the herbicide glyphosate (Monsanto), virus-resistant squash (Monsanto-Asgrow), and additional delayed ripening tomatoes (DNAP, Zeneca/Peto, and Monsanto). In 2000, with the creation of golden rice, scientists genetically modified food to increase its nutrient value for the first time. Advantages of Genetically Modified Food Figure – Naturally grown food Genetic modification can produce larger, hardier, tastier, and more nutritious foods. For example, Strawberries are sweeter, less acidic flavor; Soybeans have higher protein content, making them more nutritious for livestock and humans. Better production in lesser time, thereby providing food for more people. Have an increased resistance to spoilage with a better shelf life thus can be transported long distances better shelf life. They are potentially non-allergenic. Provides medicine and vitamin deficiency. For instance, scientists have discovered Golden rice containing to support deficiency of vitamin A causing blindness for half of the world population who live on rice. Naturally grown food consumed by a kid Provide more resistance to diseases. Nowadays, plants can be genetically modified to be better able to survive abiotic extremes, such as frosty temperatures, heat waves, droughts, and poor soil chemistries. Provides an increased production of eggs, milk and meat. More economical to the farmer in terms of production of food. Provides improved health of the population and thereby reduces the economic burden. GE Saves the wild animals. Disadvantages of Genetically Modified Food Environmental activists, religious organizations, public interest groups, professional associations and other scientists and government officials have all raised concerns about GM foods most concerns about GM foods fall into three categories: environmental hazards, human health risks, and economic concerns. Environmental hazards: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), there is a very real risk of out-crossing, which refers to the transfer of engineered genes (transgenes) from genetically modified crops to conventional, cultivated plants or to related crop species in the wild. This may happen by means of wind, insect pollination, or other transfer. The foreign genes can cross with and contaminate these other species, resulting in a hybridization of the genetically modified crop plant with a non-GMO plant. This could radically alter entire ecosystems if the hybrid plants thrived. Out-crossing can also have an indirect effect on food safety and security, as the contaminated species make their way into the food chain. Human health risks: Perhaps the number one health concern over GM technology is its capacity to create new allergens in our food supply. Allergic reactions typically are brought on by proteins. Nearly every transfer of genetic material from one host into a new one results in the creation of novel proteins. Genetic engineering can increase the levels of a naturally occurring allergen already present in a food or insert allergenic properties into a food that did not previously contain them. Foreign genetic material in a host can cause other genetic material in that host to behave erratically. One consequence of over expression, for example, can be cancer. Nutritional problems can also result from the transfer.. GM crops have been linked to health problems as diverse as reproductive damage, cancer, Alzheimer’s disease and diabetes. GMO is not supported by many institutions Economic concerns: Bringing a GM food to market is a lengthy and costly process, and of course agro-biotech companies wish to ensure a profitable return on their investment. Many new plant genetic engineering technologies and GM plants have been patented, and patent infringement is a big concern of agribusiness. Yet consumer advocates are worried that patenting these new plant varieties will raise the price of seeds so high that small farmers and third world countries will not be able to afford seeds for GM crops, thus widening the gap between the wealthy and the poor. Conclusion Genetically modified food (GMF) will play an important factor in coming years for full filling the demand of increasing population of worlds as the food productions are not increasing as much as the population. In addition to that, GMF foods are more economical and full of nutrients covering the daily need of an individual which cannot be provide by naturally produced food Though, GMFs have faced some crisis by different institution. Though, we cannot deny it’s important as it can prove to be a life saving option for countries in Africa, which natives are facing malnutrition and protein deficiency. Therefore, GMOs should be seen as an alternative food rather than primary food category unless more research and development in this field is conducted. Bibliography 1. http://www. care2. com/greenliving/health-risks-of-eating-gmo-foods. html#ixzz2c2VlMEok 2. http://www. naturalnews. com/029869_GMOs_dangers. html#ixzz2c2TE1wcs 3. http://www. naturalnews. com/029869_GMOs_dangers. html#ixzz2c2Ss2Bp7 4. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Genetically_modified_food_controversies 5. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Genetically_modified_food.

Family Related Conflicts That Changed My Family Essay

I first became aware of conflict when my dad came home drunk one night (when I was around 4-5 years-old) and him and my mother began to argue, foolishly thinking that I had been long asleep. The argument quickly escalated, and I remember that my dad was acting particularly out of character-he proceeded to tell my mom that he was going to set the house on fire. After hearing my dad’s words, I vaguely remember me praying until I fell asleep. Another series of family-related conflicts unfolded when I was about 4-years-old, and one of my sisters, who is older than me by eight years, became a teenage mother. My mother and sister engaged in an array of colorful arguments, some of which escalated to physical violence. After the initial fury that my sister’s pregnancy unveiled, my mother decided to let Karen (my sister) move back into our house, not foreseeing the next conflict that was bound to arise. 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The Obesity Rate In America - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1666 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/04/04 Category Sports Essay Level High school Topics: Obesity Essay Obesity in America Essay Soccer Essay Did you like this example? The obesity rate in America is at an all time high, and it is not stopping any time soon. Obesity not only affects adults but children as well. The Center For Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) defines obesity as Weight that is higher than what is considered as a healthy weight for a given height. (citation needed) Soccer not only improves physical health but also mental health., working out at least once a day makes a person feel very accomplished and productive leading to less stress, and happier thoughts. Staying active is very important and beneficial to a persons life. and Something must be done to help combat this epidemic, that is why I want to create soccer practices for children to stay healthy, learn, and do drills to improve their overall skill level. The game of soccer has been around for centuries and has been played around the world for that same time. Soccer is very physically demanding sport, you must be able to run at high speeds for short periods of time in random bursts. However soccer is not only a physical sport but a mental game as well,players must be quick thinking and always alert in stressful situations. On average a soccer player will run up to 7 miles per game (Daily news), that is a lot to ask from a players body. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Obesity Rate In America" essay for you Create order Unlike other sports soccer is played on a field which is 110-120 yards long and 70-80 yards wide, which is a lot of space to cover over a 90 minute period. Soccer players have to be at top health and sharp thinkers to be the best they can. Soccer is not only affected by someones physical abilities, but also their mental health soccer clubs regularly have therapists come in and meet with players after tough losses or when players sustain a serious injury. This shows the importance mental health has on a soccer players performance, having a positive attitude and happy thoughts is very important to a player doing good. The great ronaldinho once said I learned about life with a ball at my feet, this quote just shows that soccer is not only a physical sport but also a sport that shapes you as a person. Playing sports is good for high schools kids because, when you have practice for the sport it gives you a little break to forget what is going on around you and gives you the opportunity to have some personal time and practice your skills. Staying fit not only affects your physical side of your life but also your other side, with regular exercise it was found that you will sleep better, be more productive, and keep your brain sharp(huffington Post). Also doing soccer drills not only improves your soccer skill but also your fitness and builds your stamina, so that during games you re able to run more and perform the skills you have been practicing. Soccer drills can be very complex and makes you think fast on your feet, for example long ball drills involve the player sending the soccer ball across the field which requires focus and patience. Obesity in America is an epidemic that does not look like it is going to stop any time soon, one main way to combat this epidemic is creating more opportunities for children or young children to get active and stay fit. Creating soccer practices for young kids is one way to keep kids healthy and fit, not only staying fit but also a break from studying and school to give their brain a break with some soccer. Combating obesity should be a priority on our agenda, The obesity rate in the United States is higher than it ever has been. Creating opportunities for teenagers like myself to exercise and perfect a craft is a good way to help combat the rising obesity rate in America. The obesity rate amongst adults in the United States is 39.8% which is 93.3 million people(CDC) and is rapidly growing. Playing sports has many other benefits besides the physical aspect of it. Brain function, personality, and inner body is affected with exercise and playing a sport like soccer. Lowering the obesity rate is important to our countrys and citizens wellbeing. The Newport Academy published a report that teens that participate in school sports grade 8-12 have less stress and better mental health as young adults. Science proves that being physically active improves brain function and stress level. After conducting more research the answer was becoming more and more obvious, staying active or playing a sport combats obesity. Creating more opportunities for teens to exercise should be a priority if we want to combat obesity fully. Many studies show that exercising can help deal with depression and anxiety, it can be meditation or a bike ride down a mountain. Obesity and mental health are somewhat related, people who are not in good shape tend to have insecurities and doubts about themselves. Exercising and living a healthy lifestyle leads to better mental health. Mental health is a serious issue and should not be handled lightly, therefore creating opportunities to combat this is very important. Playing sports relieves stress and helps improves physical condition. Exercise has many benefits, not only for your physical health but also your mental health. In your brain, exercise stimulates chemicals that improve your mood and the parts of the brain responsible for memory and learning. The more a person exercises, the more benefits come with it. Exercising helps reduce the risks of heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, and many more, exercising also helps with recovery from mental illnesses. When going through mental illnesses people resort to many different outlets to help with recovery, one way is through exercising. When exercising blood is pumped through the brain which helps with clearing your mind and making you think properly and clearly. However soccer not only improves mental health but also brain function and health. Soccer combats decline in brain function with age and improves memory and brain abilities. Soccer is a aerobic sport which requires a lot of sprinting and fast breathing, soccer is one of the only sports that requires that much running. The average soccer player runs 7 miles in a game, which is one of the highest from the rest of the sports. Running is a cardiovascular exercise, a cardiovascular exercise is when the athletes heart rate increases while exercising. When you do cardiovascular exercise regularly, it decreases your blood pressure and your resting heart rate. This means your heart doesnt have to work as hard all of the time. Cardio increases blood flow and decreases chance of stroke, also improves memory and thinking ability. Playing soccer improves overall body function and mental ability, however soccer also increases muscle,brain function, clears skin, and improves blood sugar control. People that have diabetes are told to exercise regularly because sports have been proven to help with blood sugar levels and also the control of diabetes. Sports medicine is gaining popularity as a viable treatment option as supposed to traditional medicine such as diabetes pills, blood pressure pills, joint pains, etc. Soccer and sports in general can help with common diseases such as diabetes or blood pressure issues. Sports are not only good for the body, but the personality as well. Many different studies have been done on this topic and shows that sports teach important life skills as well. Organized sports teach teenagers to respect elders and others around them at a young age, and teaches them how to deal with many different types of people. More importantly it teaches us how to lose. Keeping your cool during a loss is a hard thing to do, and sports gives you that opportunity to learn. Not everyone knows how to deal with losing or failure in general but going through it at a young age better prepares someone to deal with is in the future. Physical activity has been shown to stimulate chemicals in the brain that cause happiness (health direct). There is a direct correlation between exercising and good mental health, that is why sports in high school are so important. High school students stress level is at a all time high right now, and creating more opportunities for students to relieve their stress levels in a good environment. Organized sports can shape a teenagers life for the better due to the discipline and respect involved. When on a sports team you have to talk to a lot of different types of people and deal with many different personalities, which improves social skills. Playing on a team creates bonds and new friendships with people expanding your social outlook. Organized sports also teaches leadership abilities, playing on a sports team teaches you how to handle conflicts between teammates and showing up on time and prepared for training. Practicing sports helps with improving your skill and gaining knowledge about the sport of choice. Being good at a sport comes with commitment and hard work, The average professional soccer player practices 5 days a week (according to Quora). Being good at anything comes with practice, soccer is a very hard sport to be good at however it is very possible with hard work. Soccer has many components to it there is finishing, heading, slide tackles, dribbling, and passing. There are thousands of soccer drills that can help improve any aspect of your game. A player can set up cones and dribble through them with a ball to improve close dribbling, or a player can do outside the box shooting and practice finishing and shooting. Soccer is a very mental orientated sport, it takes quick thinking and peak physical performance to make a good soccer player. Malcolm Gladwell once said the key to success in any field was a matter of practicing a specific task for a total of 10,000 hours, no one can just be born with skills and good physical appearance you have to put in effort to reach that level.

Financial Management Key Performance Metrics - 10327 Words

Section 1 Financial management encompasses a broad array of different methodologies, key performance metrics, and news and events, amongst many other segments. From the smallest of public companies, to global giants, data is continuously compiled and analyzed to gauge performance and predict future trend. Of course, these studies can never be completely accurate, as market performance is unpredictable and sometimes quite volatile. It’s because of the unknown that the constant fluctuation of individual stocks and overall markets is present. These fluctuations are tied to many different factors, including the key data that companies release. It’s from this data, such as annual reports, that analysts can gauge the performance of the company and investors can decide the fate of the share price from the buying and selling activities they perform. Other events also play a major role in the markets and in the overall examination of financial management, such as initial public offerings and secondary offerings, and these instances provide fuel to an already complicated system of gauging and predicting the market. Truly, the factors used to analyze a market are limitless. Even extraneous variable, such as bond yields, are used to predict future market movement. In the below detail, some of the general facets of financial management and market analysis will be examined. Our discussion of the issues of financial management for the scope of this project have been directed at the majorShow MoreRelatedImportant Metrics Of Business Performance Management Essay847 Words   |  4 Pagesimportant metrics of business performance management are financial, customer, internal, strategic, and compliance. These metrics can be seen as the key factors that operations managers focus on while working to ensure the successful performance of any company. 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Level 3 Child Development Free Essays

Child Development Project CYP Level 3 Main principles of development: The main principles of development are: * Physical development – gross and fine motor skills * Communication development * Social development * Emotional development * Intellectual development * Moral development Sequences of development: Sequences of development are the order in which children develop; all children follow the same sequence of development but at different rates. For example the sequence of physical development starting from birth will start with a baby turning his/her head towards a sound – then able to hold their head up independently – sit up with support and reach for objects – start to crawl and sit up independently – begins to stand up holding onto objects and walking around holding onto things. The sequences carry on throughout life and there are different areas of development in which sequences occur. We will write a custom essay sample on Level 3 Child Development or any similar topic only for you Order Now How development and learning are interconnected: Babies and children are learning from you all the time, a good example to explain this would be if a baby isn’t spoken to often then that baby will lack in their communicational skills in the future were as a baby who is interacted with frequently will learn words and develop communicational skills quicker than a child who isn’t. Also a child will progress in their moral skills by learning that we don’t snatch toys when they are told that it is wrong to snatch and that we wait until that child is finished playing with it then you are welcome to have it. And if you turn it round a child will learn it is right to wait for their turn with a toy instead of snatching when they are praised for doing so. Rate of development: All children will follow the same sequence of development but not all at the same time, all children are different. For example not all children will walk before their 1st birthday and not all children will be able to use the potty independently by the age of 2. A child may be developing at a steady rate in one area of development but may be struggling with another area, that is where adults step in and support them in furthering their development in that area. Different areas of development can affect other areas for example physical can affect emotional, a child will learn to manage their emotions by having the experience, a child will experience that if there is only one balancing beam then they will have to be patient if there are other children on it at the same time as him/her. Development is holistic means that each area of development can be affected by another area of development for example if a child can’t identify the colour red and cannot deal with the emotion of being wrong (emotional development) then his level of resilience will drop and won’t have the confidence to try new things which will affect his intellectual development. How and why variations occur in rate and sequence of development and learning: Thing that could cause variations in the rate and sequence of development and learning are: * Culture * Health Genetics * Wealth * Disabilities * Environment and surroundings 3 examples: Culture – some cultures are stricter than others which may mean the expectations of the child are higher than another child who has a different background. A child from a strict culture and who is expected highly of will most probably develop quicker than a child who is expected to do what they can and challenged when they are ready to move o n. Health – a child with asthma who cannot join in all sports and physical activities could cause a delay in their physical development. Wealth – a child who lives in a house with a garden and a bike with no stabilisers to practice on will most probably be able to ride a bike with no stabilisers before a child who lives in a block of flats who is only able to go and practise when someone can take him out. Explanations of the pattern of development in the first 3 years and skills typically acquired at each stage: Personal factors influencing development, including; Health could delay a child’s physical development if they are not able to join in physical activities because they won’t get the experience they need to develop their gross motor skills further. Disability could delay a child’s social development if they feel left out, it may lower their self-esteem and their confidence in making friends therefore they won’t be getting the experience they need to develop their social skills and their emotional development because they won’t be learning to wait their turn and share. Also they may lack in a ‘can do’ attitude which could stop them from trying new things and trying again if they fail the first time. Genetic inheritance Sensory impairments usually result in the other senses becoming stringer. Although it could delay the child’s development if it isn’t diagnosed early, the earlier it is diagnose the earlier the child can be supported and be taught relevant things in a way that suits them. Learning difficulties could affect the way the child interacts with other children which could delay their social and emotional skills because they could either not interact enough or interact in an angry way because they are frustrated with themselves which in that case the child doesn’t know how to handle their emotions. External factors which influence child development, including: Motivation is very important, for a child to progress their development they need motivation to try new things and to try again if they aren’t able to do it the first time. Without motivation a child is likely to lack in resilience and self-esteem because they don’t have that person telling them it’s okay, to keep practising, sometimes there are things we are not able to do but sometimes we can do things that other cant. Economic, social, cultural and environmental. Family environment and background Bullying: if a child is being bullied or discriminated against then it will lower their self-esteem, they won’t want to socialise and make friends and they will withdraw themselves from groups which will not benefit their development because they won’t have a ‘can do’ attitude towards learning and trying new things. Adult expectations: if the child is expected highly of then it could end in the child being well developed or the child not managing the pressure and struggling to manage their feelings and behaviour. If the adults expectations are reasonable to the child then they should develop at their own rate. Education: The potential effects of pre conceptual, pre-birth and birth experiences on development The impact of current research into the development and learning of babies and young children: How learning takes place in different ways: The Importance of play in children’s development; Physical Development Gross Motor Skills and Fine Motor Skills to include development of locomotion, balance and co-ordination 0 – 3 YEARS| 4 – 7 YEARS| 8 -12 YEARS| 13 – 19 YEARSOnset of Puberty and adolescence| Activities to promote development:| How to cite Level 3 Child Development, Essay examples

Importance of Logo

Question: Write an essay on Importance of Logo Re-designing on Branding. Answer: The purpose of this report is to analyse the importance of logo design or redesigning on branding. A logo can be understood as graphic design, symbol or emblem that is generally used by business organization, commercial entities, or other institutions that aids in brand development and public recognition. Logos can be pure graphic (symbols and icons), words or combination of both (Machado et al., 2014). Logos can be understood as embodiment of the brand or organization. Colors in the logos can be an essential component in the logo designs as it represents vibrancy and helps in brand differentiation. For example, the color scheme used in logo of Google are used intentionally as part of Googles image of being innovative and going against the established rule (primary colors + secondary colors = break the rule) (Sksjrvi et al., 2015) The report undertakes complete analysis of the research in the field of logo redesign and its impact on the branding of the company or organization so that the companies would have better understanding of the logos on the success of organizations. The structure of this assignment is as follows - the section 1 of this assignment covers the introduction part and discusses the concept of logos, its characteristics and its importance on the brand development. This is followed by problem statement, research objectives and justification of the research proposal and expected outcomes. In section 2, the conceptual framework, research hypothesis and methodology of the research is discussed. Finally, in the section 3 of the research report organizational study, grant charts and budget requirements are discussed. Problem Statement Logo design is an important brand building activity undertaken by business organization to create a sense of identity and image for the brand. Logo design is an crucial element of direct and indirect marketing communication employed by the organization. Logo design reflects in every part of business activity and marketing communication used by the organizations. Logos are used by organizations in packaging, promotional materials, advertising, uniforms, and business communication methods such as letterheads, business cards, etc. (Van Das, 2016). When business organizations implement new business strategies that requires to redefine business missions and objectives, or the current logo does not achieves the desired end results, and when the company undertakes rebranding to shed its past image and wants to present itself in the new manner it becomes important to redesign its logos. However, the logo design must be undertaken with utmost caution, as it is associated with perception of the users with the brand and can negatively affect the brand image and organization if not carried out effectively (Drori et al., 2013). Research objectives The overall aim of the research is to investigate the impact of brand redesign on branding. More specifically the report aims to cover the following research questions How does logo redesign affects branding? What are the implications of logo redesign on the branding? What factors needs to be considered in logo redesign in brand promotion? These research questions would assist in the development understanding of the impact of logo redesign on branding (Machado et al., 2015). Justification of the project In order to develop greater brand recognition and global brands, organizations are striving to connect with its stakeholders and community at large by evoking emotions and associating them with the in such a manner that can be sustained for a longer periods of time irrespective of geographical limitations or other limitations. In this regard, organizations companies rely on logos to create awareness about the brand (Sksjrvi et al., 2015). A logo being the intangible aspect of a brand is a important part of brand and helps in brand recognition in more powerful manner as it triggers association of the brand by evoking associated memories with the targeted brand. Logo creates strong impression on the individuals as human mind perceives and remembers graphic more easily. However, once the brand logo gets registered in the minds of the customers, it is difficult to erase the memory and the companies who have redesigned their logos have to undertake massive marketing communication expenditure to create a new identity of itself in the minds of the customers and other targeted audiences (Park et al., 2013). Due to the level of expenditure involved in the redesigning and enforcing the logo in the minds of the customers, it is important to analyze the limitations of the existing logo and redesigning the logo would overcome those limitations. While redesigning its logo, it is important to analyze the impact of it on the targeted audience, competitors and the usefulness of the logo redesigning. Expected research outcome Through this report, the impact of logo redesigning on the branding can be better understood as the report undertakes an analytical approach to investigate the relationship between logo and branding. With the help of adopting an appropriate research methodology and analysis of the important data, the report would shed light on the research questions raised in the report. Conceptual framework and research hypothesis Logo plays an important role in branding and serves the purpose of indirect communication for the brand. Logos plays an important role in branding activities as it helps in creating brand awareness and easy recognition among the customers. A good logo should be simple so that it can be easily understood, must be able to create a positive impact, memorable and should be able to truly represent the organizations personality and characteristics. The importance in branding also becomes more crucial due to the reason that it can be easily reproduced in any format as required by the company such as on product packaging, in advertisements, company merchandises, staffs uniforms, etc. A goods logo enables the organization to achieve harmonious relationship with the customers by artistically representing the overall brand promise and personality of the company (Budakov, 2014). Logos are important for brand development and brand recognition among the public. The whole personality of the brand can be represented with the help of logos. Since the logos represents the identity of the brand and fosters brand recognition among the customers, it is counterproductive for the organizations that change its logos more frequently (Mller et al., 2013). The purpose of logo is to connect the brand with some graphic or symbol that can uniquely and creatively represent the brand. Therefore, it can be said that a logo serves two major functions for the brand. One function of logo is that it acts as a conjunction between the brand name and product functionality, and the second function is that a logo can be used interchangeably with the name of the brand and evoking the same response from the customers. However, it has been opined Folse et al., (2013), that logos are needed to be redesigned or changed after a particular period. The reason that has been argued for the redesign of the logo is that with passage of time, peoples taste also changes. The market as well as the peoples point of view is dynamic. In order to keep p[ace with this dynamic environment, it is important to keep bringing changes. Logos are itself made attractive and if it fails to draw the attention of the consumers then there will be no evident reason of the particular logo (Folse et al., 2013). In correspondence to this approach, it has been pointed out that sometimes redesigning a logo abolishes the actual existence of the company. As stated by Van Das (2014), that redesigning creates a negative impact on the consumers. It is often assumed by them that the companys ownership or privatization has changed. This change has forced the new operators to take a step to redefine the structure of the logo. Thus, a dilemma is often created among the consumers. They fear of buying the product henceforth, with an assumption that the product delivered now would not be good enough to satisfy their expectation from the company (Van Das, 2014). There is no particular time framed for a company to redesign their logo. It probably depends on the intuition of the owner or the higher authority of the company that forces them to change the logo. However, it can be said that there is a difference between redesigning and recreating a logo. It is not necessarily eligible that every time when the company feels like bringing a change in their logo, it needs to change the complete design of the logo. Sometimes, it is also expected that the company opted for only a small change in their logo. For instance, a change in the color of the design or introduction of a small sign or symbol in the logo is also adapted by the companies as a method of changing the logo (Grobert et al., 2016). A logo acts as a communication medium between the company and the consumers. It is with the help of a logo, a company can be easily recognized by the consumers. It is in fact used to differentiate companies of same types. For example, two or more petroleum companies can be easily segregated by looking at their logo. Thus, a unique and an attractive logo create a positive impact among the consumers (Cesar et al., 2013). It can be easily said that there are both positive and negative aspects of designing or redesigning a logo of the company. At one instance, it is an identity for an organization and it is very important to have a logo, on the other hand, bringing change in the logo the company can cause negative impact on the company (Robson McCartan, 2016). Based on the research objectives and problem statement discussed in the study following research hypothesis can be proposed that would be tested in the research study H (1): Null Hypothesis: Logos does not have any influence on the branding H (2): Alternate Hypothesis: Logos have great influence on the branding Methodology Research methodology represents various activities that is required to be undertaken to successfully complete the research. Research methodology provides a basic framework that would assist the researcher systematically complete the research and provides an overview of elements of the entire research. It includes research approach, research design, as well as data collection methods to complete the research so that research objectives are met. The objective of this report is to access the impact of logo redesign on branding. Therefore, for this research positivism research approach is selected. In order to match with the research objective, deductive research methodology and descriptive design of research is selected to complete the research. Further, for this research elements of both qualitative and quantitative methods of analysis have been selected. Non probabilistic methods of data selection is selected to get the desired data to validate the findings of the research (Taylor et al., 2015). For this research, report following methodology would be undertaken to effectively analyze the aims of this research proposal. The various methodology employed are discussed as Literature review: to understand the impact of logo redesign on branding, review of existing literature such as journal, previous researches, and works of academicians are reviewed. Survey Questionnaires: survey questionnaires would be used to get the relationship between brand redesign and branding from marketing experts, working professionals as well as from the customers (Mackey Gass, 2015). Research Approach There are two basic research approaches to follow as inductive and deductive research approach. Inductive approach of research follows observation of research subject, collection of primary and secondary data, analysis of collected data and establishment of theories at the end of research. In deductive approach the researcher first develops theories, then goes to hypothesis testing through analysis of data and to support or prove his theories and selecting the theory which qualifies the theoretical evidences (Hair et al., 2015). For this research deductive approached is used to establish the relationship between logo redesign and branding by studying the behavioral patterns of customers and their perceived effectiveness of the logo change while making a decision of new product purchase and risk perceptions involved therein (Flick, 2015). Research Design Research design is the process of documenting the research study to present the data analysis in a manner to get a meaningful outcome. There are three main research designs as exploratory, explanatory and descriptive. Exploratory research design is used when the objective of research is not clear. It helps to highlight what is the actual problem and hidden facts upon which research is to be based. In explanatory research design the main focus is on the reason of the problem. Such as why something is happening or not happening. Whereas in descriptive research the researcher just highlights the problems in detail and focuses on its findings. In this study the research wants to highlight on the nature of relationship between logo designing and branding therefore; descriptive research design is undertaken (Panneerselvam, 2014). Various steps that needs to be undertaken to complete the research are discussed as Defining the topic of research and narrowing it down in such a manner to achieve research objectives Devising strategies to collect relevant data to meet the criteria of the research objective Determining the sampling methods and sample size to collect the desired data For this research various research design requirements are disused in detail under the following headings. Method of data collection Data collection is the method of getting information to form basis of research. Research. There are two modes of collecting data primary and secondary. In primary method data is collected directly from interest groups by the researcher himself like interviews, surveys, etc. whereas in secondary data collection researchers used data collected by some other sources like magazines, journals, etc. (Vinhal et al. 2012). For this research study, both primary and secondary methods of data collection would be used. Primary data would be collected directly from the customers, business professionals, and marketing experts to evaluate the effectiveness of logo redesigning on the branding. In order to collect the desired data, survey questionnaires are developed that would be sent to the identified respondents via online mediums (e-mails), apart from online survey questionnaires, data would be collected from some key respondents (marketing and branding experts) to validate the data collection method. In addition, secondary data can be collected from academic articles, magazines, and works of previous researchers and scholars. Sampling methods Sampling is the process of selecting a subset from the universe to get the data. A sample is smaller but homogeneous representation of population. The two most common types of sampling methods are probabilistic and non-probabilistic. In probabilistic sampling, every member of population have equal chance of getting selected Sample is random, stratified and multi clustered based on some criteria, On the other hand in non probabilistic sampling every member does not have equal chance of getting selected, data is collected on the basis of convenience, purpose and quota assigned by the researcher (Zikmund et al., 2012). For the purpose of this research, probabilistic sampling technique is used. The purpose of selecting non-probabilistic sampling is that, the research requires information about the impact of logo redesigning on the branding; that can be accessed by analyzing diverse group of respondents. Therefore, to include desired respondents in the data collection Quota sampling method of non-probabilistic would be employed. Sample size Sample size refers to the number of respondents participated in the primary data collection procedure. For this research, a sample size of 100 is chosen according to the quota assigned for identified respondent categories. 60 responses from the customer group, 30 responses from the marketing professionals category and 10 responses from the marketing experts.Research Method Generally there are two methods for conducting research; quantitative and qualitative. For this research qualitative research method would be employed as data collected from survey questionnaires and interview questions have to be quantified with the help of various quantitative tools to enable the readers to get a clear understanding of the research findings (Bryman Bell, 2015). Ethical Consideration Consideration of ethical issues is important for validating the research study and its results. It helps in verifying the consistency and authenticity of the research study on the basis of genuine data collected from the respondents. The data collected for this study will be strictly be used for academic purposes. The questionnaire has been designed in such a way so that no personal questions are asked to the respondents. Convenience and willingness of the respondents to participate in the survey are considered. The information will be kept confidential and the referencing style adopted in this research study has helped in validating the data (Blumberg et al., 2014). Organization of the research The organization of the final research can be presented as Chapter one of the study will be research proposal as discussed in this assignment Chapter two of the research would describe the case study of logo resigning on the branding Chapter three of the research would include the details of research methodology that include literature review, data collection methods, and defining the key indicators of logo designing and also methods of data collection. Chapter four of the research would comprise the findings and analysis of the proposed report Chapter five will summarize the important findings of the report and would discuss its implication undertaking logo redesigns on branding. Gantt chart Task description Start day End day Duration Report proposal 1//6/2016 15/6/2016 15 days Literature review 16/6/2016 15/7/2016 30 days Data collection 16/7/2016 15/8/2016 30 days Data analysis 16/8/2016 20/8/2016 15 days Final report submission 1/9/2016 15/9/2016 15 days Project Budget and Budget Justification In order to, successfully undertake this research it is important to make provisions for the budget requirements. The proposed budget for the research is $3500 that would be utilized to perform various activities to successfully complete the research study on the stipulated time (1/9/2016). The budget would be employed to undertake following research tasks: The literature review would require various textbooks, journals, academic articles and other online resources that is not freely available and would cost around $1300 Data collection is another research related activity that requires extensive time and financial resources. Data collection includes travelling expenses, questionnaire printing costs, and other associated costs. This would require a budget of $2000 For data analysis, part access to various software and statistical tools would be required. This would cost around $1700. This has been summarized as - Purpose Estimated Costs ($) Literature Review 1,300 Data collection 2,000 Data analysis 1,700 Total budget estimated 3,500 References Blumberg, B. F., Cooper, D. R., Schindler, P. S. (2014). Business research methods. McGraw-hill education. Bryman, A., Bell, E. (2015).Business research methods. Oxford University Press, USA. Cesar-Machado, J., Vacas-de-Carvalho, L., Torres, A., Costa, P. (2013). Brand logo design: Examining consumer response to figurativeness. Drori, G. S., Delmestri, G., Oberg, A. (2013). Branding the university: Relational strategy of identity construction in a competitive field. Trust in higher education institutions, 134-147. Flick, U. (2015). 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